H. Guy Hunt

Harold Guy Hunt (June 17, 1933 – January 30, 2009) was an American politician who served as the 49th Governor of Alabama from 1987 to 1993. He was the first Republican to serve as governor of the state since Reconstruction.

Early life

Hunt was born in Holly Pond, Alabama. He was the salutatorian of his high school class, but he turned down a college education. Instead, he enlisted in the United States Army and served in the Korean War. He returned to Alabama upon his discharge in 1956, where he operated an egg farm. He has been an ordained Primitive Baptist minister since 1958, and also worked as a salesman for Amway. He married the former Helen Chambers in 1951 (deceased November 22, 2004); they had four children.

Hunt was active in the Republican Party from the days when the Democrats held near-total control of the state. He first ran for office in 1962, an unsuccessful run for the Alabama Senate. In 1964, he was elected probate judge of Cullman County. Lyndon Johnson's strong support for civil rights caused many Democrats to vote for Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater that year, and Hunt was one of several Republicans swept into office on Goldwater's coattails. He was the youngest probate judge in Alabama. He was reelected in 1970, stepping down in 1976 to honor a promise to serve only two terms. He was state chairman of Ronald Reagan's presidential campaigns in 1976 and 1980 and chaired the state's Republican delegation at the 1976 and 1980 Republican National Conventions. He ran for governor in 1978, losing in a massive landslide to Democrat Fob James.

Election as governor

After Reagan won election in 1980, he appointed Hunt as State Director of the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Committee. He resigned in 1985 to run for governor. His campaign was not taken seriously at first even among Republicans, who were more concerned about helping Senator Jeremiah Denton win reelection. The press paid little attention to the Republican gubernatorial primaries, fully expecting that the nominee would be the next loser in the general election.

However, a fracas in the Democratic primary changed the picture. That race saw then Alabama Attorney General Charles Graddick in a runoff with Lieutenant Governor Bill Baxley. Graddick, the more conservative candidate, won by a few thousand votes. However, Baxley sued, claiming that Graddick violated primary regulations by encouraging Republicans to "cross over" and vote as Democrats. Graddick, for his part, maintained that this was legal because Alabama was an open primary state. The dispute made it all the way to the state Supreme Court, who told the Democrats to either declare Baxley the winner by default or hold another primary. The party picked Baxley. Alabamians, accustomed to a one-party state where anybody and everybody could vote in a primary, were outraged and took out their frustrations by voting for Hunt. In November, Hunt won the election by 13 points and 56 percent of the vote, receiving the most votes ever for a gubernatorial candidate at that time. Hunt's election surprised many Alabamians since the last Republican governor had left office 113 years earlier, at the end of Reconstruction. He narrowly won reelection in 1990 after trailing most of the way. Hunt's election is widely credited for turning Alabama into a two-party state as there have only been two Democrat governors in Alabama since he was elected.

Hunt pushed through major tort reform and tried to bring more industry and tourism to the state, but had to wrangle through massive opposition in the state legislature.

In 1992, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that taxpayers may sue Hunt for flying on state-owned aircraft to preaching engagements, where Hunt received monetary offerings.^[1]

As Governor, Hunt presided over eight executions in Alabama, all by electric chair.

Criminal indictment, conviction and pardon

In 1992 a grand jury indicted Hunt for theft, conspiracy, and ethics violations.^[2] Prosecutors said that he took $200,000 from a 1987 inaugural account and used it to buy marble showers and lawnmowers.^[3][4] Hunt was ultimately found guilty. As the state constitution does not allow convicted felons to hold office, Hunt was forced to resign on April 22, 1993.^[5] After being ordered to pay $12,000, Hunt began a five year probation term in 1994. In February 1998 he asked the parole board to reduce his probation by four months; the judge instead increased the probation by five years.^[6] In April 1998 the parole board granted Hunt a pardon based on innocence.^[7]

Hunt died on January 30, 2009, after a long battle with lung cancer.^[8]

References